Dhaka (AFP) - The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) claimed a thumping win on Friday in the first elections held since a deadly 2024 uprising, with leader Tarique Rahman poised to become prime minister.

But final official results are yet to come and BNP’s main rival Jamaat-e-Islami – the largest Islamist party leading a wider coalition – said it had “serious questions about the integrity of the results process”.

Rahman told AFP two days before polling he was “confident” that his party – crushed during the 15-year autocratic rule of ousted prime minister Sheikh Hasina – would regain power in the South Asian nation of 170 million people.

The US embassy swiftly congratulated Rahman and the BNP for a “historic victory”, while neighbouring India praised his “decisive win” – significant after rocky recent relations with Dhaka.

China and Pakistan, which both grew closer to Bangladesh since the uprising and the souring of ties with India – who has sheltered Hasina since her ouster – also congratulated the BNP.

Broadcasters projected that the BNP had secured a two-thirds majority with 212 seats in parliament, with Jamaat winnng 76 – a huge leap from past results, but far short of the outright win it had campaigned for.

- ‘Mounting challenges’ -

Jamaat chief Shafiqur Rahman, 67, had mounted a disciplined grassroots campaign on a platform of justice and ending corruption.

His party said it was “not satisfied with the process surrounding the election results”, claiming it had logged “repeated inconsistencies and fabrications in unofficial result announcements”, but without giving further details.

The Election Commission, who said that turnout was 59 percent, is expected to release final results later on Friday, for a total of the 299 constituencies of 300 in which voting took place.

Another 50 seats in parliament reserved for women will be named from party lists.

Senior BNP leader Ruhul Kabir Rizvi claimed a resounding win, calling for followers to give thanks in prayer rather than celebrate on the streets.

“There will be no victory rally despite the BNP’s sweeping victory,” Rizvi said in a statement. “We will hold special prayers.”

- Peaceful polls -

Party workers spent the whole night in front of the BNP offices.

“We will join the nation-building effort led by Tarique Rahman,” Md Fazlur Rahman, 45, told AFP.

“Over the last 17 years, we have suffered a lot.”

Heavy deployments of security forces are posted countrywide, and UN experts warned ahead of the voting of “growing intolerance, threats and attacks”, and a “tsunami of disinformation”.

Political clashes killed five people and injured more than 600 during campaigning, police records show.

But polling day was largely peaceful, according to the Election Commission, which reported only “a few minor disruptions”.

- ‘Ended the nightmare’ -

Interim leader Muhammad Yunus, who will step down once the new government takes power, has urged all to stay calm.

“We may have differences of opinion, but we must remain united in the greater national interest,” he said.

The 85-year-old Nobel Peace Prize winner has led Bangladesh since Hasina’s rule ended with her ouster in August 2024.

His administration barred her Awami League party from contesting the polls.

Yunus said the election had “ended the nightmare and begun a new dream”.

Hasina, 78, sentenced to death in absentia for crimes against humanity, issued a statement decrying an “illegal and unconstitutional election”.

Yunus has championed a sweeping democratic reform charter to overhaul what he called a “completely broken” system of government and to prevent a return to one-party rule.

Voters also took part in a referendum on the proposals for prime ministerial term limits, a new upper house of parliament, stronger presidential powers and greater judicial independence.

Television projections suggested 65 percent of votes had endorsed the charter.

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